Abstract
Reynolds, D.A., G.L. Tylka, and C.A. Martinson. 1998. Components of swine manure affect Heterodera glycines egg hatch and juvenile behavior. Presentation at the 1998 Society of Nematologists Annual Meeting, St. Louis, MO.
The composition of swine manure has been identified by numerous researchers, and there are indications that the manure may inhibit hatching of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. Based on the results of preliminary experiments, several swine manure components and breakdown products were evaluated for effects on H. glycines eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2). The six compounds evaluated were indole, 4-ethyl phenol, butylated hydroxytoluene, and 4-amino acetophenone at 1mM and 3-methyl indole and 4-methyl phenol at 2mM. In airtight containers, free eggs were immersed in trays containing a selected compound; eggs also were incubated in deionized water in an adjacent tray to assess volatile effects. Hatch was inhibited by contact with 3-methyl phenol and indole, but was stimulated by 4-ethyl phenol and 4-methyl phenol. Volatiles from indole, 4-ethyl phenol, and 4-methyl phenol stimulated egg hatch and J2 body movement after hatch; both 4-ethyl phenol and 4-methyl phenol stimulated stylet thrusting of J2. Other compounds had no effect on hatch or J2 behavior.